by 和 through 的用法区别
by 和 through 都可以作为介词,有相近的意思,它们的主要区别是 by 用来提及某事的方式方法,而 through 是用于任何过程的介词。
一、by 表示靠近或经过某物,与物体之间是有距离的;而 through 表示从一个地方到另一个地方或穿过一个地点,通常是从地方或地点中间穿过,例如:
by:
Our grand parents’ house is situated by a beautiful river.
我们祖父母的房子坐落在一条美丽的河边。
through:
You have to go through the forest to get to the village.
你必须穿过森林才能到达村庄。
二、by 用来提及某事的方法,方式或手段,而 through 用来提及过程,流程或步骤等,例如:
by:
For the transaction I wish to pay by cash.
我想用现金支付这笔交易。
through:
You can only achieve success through hard work.
你得孜孜不倦方能成功。
三、by 用来提到一种运输方式,而 through 用来提到一个活动的完成,例如:
by:
I arrived by plane.
我乘飞机到的。
through:
I got through my exams.
我通过了考试。
四、by 用来表示任何类型的写作或创作的所有权,而 through 用来表示完成一件事情的过程或方式,例如:
by:
Pride and Prejudice is written by Jane Austen.
《傲慢与偏见》是简·奥斯丁写的。
through:
Coronavirus enters the body mainly through the mouth.
冠状病毒主要通过口腔进入人体。
五、by 用来指示特定的时间,而 through 用来描述整个时间段中的时间,例如:
by:
I will hand over the report by next Friday.
我将在下星期五前交报告。
through:
John practiced for the speech through the night.
约翰整夜练习演讲。
六、by 用来指示或告诉事物的数量、大小或边距,而 through 用来告诉某事的范围,例如:
by:
We need a ten inch by twenty inch board.
我们需要一块十英寸乘二十英寸的木板。
through:
He will not live through the night.
他活不过今天夜里了。
七、by 用来告诉人们某事的方式、起源和结果,而 through 用来提到一个活动的完成,例如:
by:
These plants are produced by the cloning process.
这些植物是通过克隆过程产生的。
through:
I got through my exams.
我通过了考试。
八、by 可以用来做乘除运算,而 through 没有这个用法,例如:
6 multiplied by 2 equals 12.
6乘以2等于12。
What is ten divided by five?
十除以五是多少?